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Kakara Formation
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Kakara Fm base reconstruction

Kakara Fm

Period: 
Paleogene

Age Interval: 
Thanetian


Province: 
N.India Lesser Himalaya

Type Locality and Naming

Himachal Pradesh, named after Kakara locality in H.P. [Original Publication: Srikantia, S. V, Bhargava, O. N. 1967. Kakara Series: a new Paleocene Fm in the Simla Hills. Bull. Geol. Soc. India, 4, 114-116].


Lithology and Thickness

Shallow-marine marl. Phyllitised shale, carbonaceous Shale with massive limestone beds. ~60-120 m, Thickness varies in other area.

[Figure: part of Himachal Pradesh geologic map showing relationships among Chhaossa Fm, Sanjauli Fm, InfraKrol Fm, Blaini Fm, Kakara Fm and Subathu Fm (provided by O.N. Bhargava & Birendra Singh)]


Lithology Pattern: 
Shallow-marine marl


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

Lower boundary shows unconformable contact with the underlying Cambrian/Pre Cambrian rocks of the Lesser Himalayan Fms, i.e. Upper Tal Quartzite in Garhwal area; Simla Slate or Dharamkot Limestone in Bilaspur (H.P.) and Sriban Limestone in Jammu area.

Upper contact

Upper boundary conformable with Subathu Fm.

Regional extent

Jammu to Garhwal region of Lesser Himalaya.


GeoJSON

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Fossils

Main fossils are: Daviesina garumnensis (Tambareau), D. tenuis (Tambareau), D. ruida (Schwager), D. khatyahi Smout, D. langhami Smout, D. danieli Smout, Lockhartia hunti Davies, Rotalia trochidiformis Lamarck, Pseudohastigerina micra (Cole), Alveolina minervensis Hottinger and echinoid spines.


Age 

Age span estimates taken from O.N. Bhargava & Birendra Singh (2021 for Dr. Raju's Lexicon); Singh, Birendra P., 2009. Northwest Himalayan Region. In: D.S.N.Raju and Ravi Misra, Proterozoic and Phanerozoic Integrated Stratigraphy (ONGC Bull. 44, n.2).

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Thanetian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.0

    Beginning date (Ma): 
59.24

    Ending stage: 
Thanetian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
0.5

    Ending date (Ma):  
57.62

Depositional setting

Marine Environnent.


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information

Srikantia and Bhargava (1967), Bhatia (1980), Bhargava and Srikantia (1991) Juyal, (1997), Mathur and Juyal (2000), Srikantia and Sharma (1971).


Compiler:  

O.N. Bhargava & Birendra Singh.